The word empress is derived from the Latin word ‘imperator’, which means ‘ruler’ or ‘commander’. The term has been used throughout history to describe a female ruler of an empire, kingdom or other large polity. In modern times, an empress is typically a queen consort or the wife of an emperor. The title of empress is usually given to a woman who is the highest ranking female in a monarchy.
History of Empress
The earliest known female ruler of an empire was the Egyptian Pharaoh Hatshepsut, who reigned from about 1478–1458 BC. In Asia, the title of empress was first used by Wu Zetian, who was the first and only female emperor of China, ruling from 690–705 AD. Throughout the Middle Ages, there were several other female rulers who held the title of empress, such as Irene of Athens and Theodora of Byzantium.
Empress in Modern Times
In modern times, the title of empress is typically given to the wife of an emperor. This is the case with the current Japanese emperor, who is married to Empress Michiko. The title is also used to refer to the wife of a reigning king, such as the current British monarch, Queen Elizabeth II. In some cases, the title may be given to a reigning queen, such as the current Queen of Thailand, Queen Sirikit.
Symbols of Empress
The symbols of an empress typically include a crown, sceptre, and orb. These symbols represent power, authority, and sovereignty. The crown is usually made of precious metal and jewels, and is the most recognizable symbol of royalty. The sceptre is a staff with a globe or a cross on its end, and symbolizes justice and divine right. The orb is a round object that symbolizes the world and the empress’s power over it.
Attributes of Empress
An empress is usually expected to embody a number of virtues, such as wisdom, strength, beauty, and justice. An empress is also expected to be a role model for her subjects and to lead by example. She is expected to be an advocate for her people and to protect their interests. An empress is also expected to be a patron of the arts and to encourage cultural growth and development.
Role of Empress
The role of an empress is to act as a mediator between the emperor and the people. She is also responsible for presiding over ceremonies and state functions, as well as representing the empire in diplomatic relations. An empress is expected to be an example of virtue and propriety and to act as a role model for her subjects. She is also expected to protect and promote the interests of her people, and to act as a symbol of unity and stability.
Notable Empresses
Throughout history, there have been many notable empresses who have left their mark on the world. Queen Victoria of Britain was the longest-reigning empress in history, ruling for 63 years. Empress Elisabeth of Austria was a renowned beauty and style icon who was famously assassinated in 1898. Empress Wu Zetian of China was the only female emperor in Chinese history and is remembered for her intelligence and ambition.
Conclusion
The word ‘empress’ refers to a female ruler of an empire, kingdom or other large polity. Throughout history, there have been many notable female rulers who have held the title of empress. In modern times, the title is usually given to the wife of an emperor or a reigning queen. The symbols of an empress include a crown, sceptre, and orb. The role of an empress is to act as a mediator between the emperor and the people and to protect and promote the interests of her people.